Preheat the oven to 325°F. Lightly grease a 9-inch springform pan. Crush the 24 Oreo cookies into fine crumbs, including the cream filling. Mix with the melted butter and press firmly across the bottom of the pan.
Bake the crust for 10 minutes. Remove it and let it cool slightly while preparing the filling. Keep the oven on at 325°F.
Beat the softened cream cheese and granulated sugar on medium-low speed until smooth, scraping down the bowl as needed.
Mix in the sour cream and vanilla until combined. Add the eggs one at a time, mixing on low speed just until each egg disappears into the batter. Do not overmix.
Gently fold the 10 roughly chopped Oreo cookies into the cheesecake batter. Pour the filling over the crust and smooth the top.
Place the springform pan inside a larger roasting pan. Carefully add hot water to the roasting pan until it reaches about halfway up the outside of the springform pan, keeping the water below the rim. Bake at 325°F for 60–70 minutes, until the edges are set and the center still has a slight wobble.
Turn off the oven, crack the oven door, and leave the cheesecake inside for 1 hour. Remove it from the water bath, let it cool to room temperature, then cover and refrigerate for at least 6 hours, preferably overnight.
Release the springform pan. Sprinkle the 4 roughly crushed Oreo cookies over the top. Slice with a sharp knife, wiping the blade between cuts.